JAQK Cellars

Question: What is wine made of?
Answer: More than 200 compounds (molecules):

Water

Ethanol

Proteins
- Peptides and polypeptids
Sugars
- Glucose, fructose, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, etc
Sulfur compounds
- Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ethyl/methyl mercaptans, ethyl/methyl sulfides, ethyl/methyl di-sulfides (hopefully, very few of these!)

Organic acids
- tartaric, malic, lactic, succinic, fumaric, acetic, butyric, etc.
Phenols
- flavonoids and flavanoids
- anthocyanins,
- cyanins, petunins, peonins, malvins and delphinins.
- tannins
- Procyanidins
- Proanthocyanidins
- (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin
- nonflavonoids
- quercetin, stilbenes , gallic acid, benzoic acid, caffeic, cinnamic and coumaric acids


Q: What are compounds (molecules) made of?
A: Atoms
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, sodium, magnesium, potassium, iron, copper, etc.

Q: What are atoms made of?
A: Nucleons (protons and neutrons) and electrons

Q. What are nucleons and electrons made of?
A: Protons and neutrons (hardrons) are made of quarks (up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom); electrons are point-like elementary particles

Q: What are quarks made of?
A: The most recent theory says that quarks (and electrons) are actuallyvibrating strings and/or membranes existing in extra-dimensional space

So, here’s the progression:

Compounds are made of
Atoms, are made of
Nucleons and electrons, are made of
Quarks, are made of
Strings and membranes in extra-dimensional space

But,

Q: What are strings, membranes and extra-dimensional space made of?
A: Nobody knows!!!!!

Therefore, we don’t know what ANYTHING is.

Including wine.

SO ENJOY THE MYSTERY